Grants for Public housing authorities - Health

This funding opportunity supports the development of innovative informatics tools to improve cancer research and management, targeting researchers and institutions focused on enhancing data handling and analysis in the field of oncology.

This grant provides funding for early-career researchers from diverse backgrounds to receive mentorship and training in biomedical research focused on cardiovascular, pulmonary, and hematologic diseases, as well as sleep disorders, with an emphasis on addressing health disparities.

The grant titled "Investigating Distinct and Overlapping Mechanisms in TDP-43 Proteinopathies, including in LATE, FTD and other ADRDs" aims to fund research that deepens understanding of the mechanisms underlying TDP-43 proteinopathies, particularly their role in Alzheimer's Disease and related dementias, with the goal of improving diagnosis, treatment, and awareness of these conditions.

This funding opportunity supports innovative research projects focused on understanding and advancing treatments for nonmalignant blood disorders, encouraging collaboration and involvement from new researchers in the field.

This funding opportunity supports nonprofit organizations and government entities in the U.S. to develop projects that improve access to healthcare for individuals with limited English proficiency and communication disabilities by implementing a universal symbol for language assistance services.

The purpose of the Mentored Quantitative Research Career Development Award (K25) is to attract to NIH-relevant research those investigators whose quantitative science and engineering research has thus far not been focused primarily on questions of health and disease. The K25 award will provide support and "protected time" for a period of supervised study and research for productive professionals with quantitative (e.g., mathematics, statistics, economics, computer science, imaging science, informatics, physics, chemistry) and engineering backgrounds to integrate their expertise with NIH-relevant research.

This funding opportunity supports the development of innovative informatics technologies to improve cancer research and management, targeting researchers and organizations focused on cancer biology, treatment, prevention, and health disparities.

This funding opportunity supports innovative research projects aimed at developing groundbreaking HIV vaccine strategies, encouraging high-risk ideas that diverge from traditional methods and require measurable progress to secure continued funding.

This grant provides funding for researchers to develop innovative technologies and resources that improve the reliability and applicability of animal models in biomedical research across various diseases and organ systems.

This grant provides funding to organizations in India to enhance and sustain efforts in preventing and treating HIV and tuberculosis, particularly among high-risk populations.

This funding opportunity supports research aimed at understanding how inflammasomes contribute to neurocognitive disorders and immune function in individuals with HIV and substance use disorders, encouraging innovative studies that link these areas to improve health outcomes.

This NOFO seeks applications from the SUD and MHD research communities that coordinate efforts to characterize the effects of neuromodulation on brain circuits and behaviors relevant to both SUD and MHD. To accomplish this goal, studies would specify inclusion/exclusion criteria to capture variance in both SUD and MHD symptoms. Further, studies would include measures of engagement of circuit-level targets in response to neuromodulation and dimensional measures of cognition and behavior relevant to both SUD and MHD. This research approach uses circuit dynamics to understand neurobehavioral function and to develop ecologically valid and descriptive models of the shared and discrete dysfunction across these conditions.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) encourages applications for support of national or regional resources that will provide access to state-of-the-art facilities, equipment, technologies, research tools, software, and/or service to a substantial user base at institutions across multiple states (regional) or the country (national). These resources should already be established, although new resources formed through consolidation of multiple local or regional facilities are also eligible. They should be poised to achieve or already have achieved significant economies of scale and should be able to significantly increase access to the supported technologies or services for researchers across one or more regions or the country. Major new research and development efforts should not be included. For this FOA, a resource is defined as an activity that provides research capabilities and expertise to a large number of investigators and is available to any qualified investigator as a service. The intent is to provide access to investigators without regard to the particular biomedical focus of their research, but not to duplicate or replace resources supported by other NIH Institutes and Centers (ICs) or host institutions. Only those resources whose technical capabilities fall within the program areas supported by NIGMS will be supported. It is expected that the resource will be maintained or upgraded to current best practices, make its capability and availability known to the biomedical research community through outreach activities, and provide user training and support. Stand-alone data resources and databases are not eligible for funding through this FOA. This FOA is limited to applications requesting support for resources that have been developed through previous NIGMS funding.

This funding opportunity provides financial support for research aimed at developing and evaluating innovative strategies to prevent firearm-related violence and injuries, targeting eligible applicants such as state and local governments, educational institutions, nonprofits, and tribal entities.

The purpose of this funding opportunity announcement (FOA) is to support research on interventions to improve health in Native American (NA) populations. This includes 1) etiologic research, where there is a significant gap in knowledge, that will directly inform intervention development or adaptations, 2) research that develops, adapts, or tests the efficacy or effectiveness of health promotion and disease prevention interventions, 3) research that tests culturally informed treatment or recovery interventions and 4) where a sufficient body of knowledge on intervention efficacy exists, research on dissemination and implementation that develops and tests strategies to overcome barriers to the adoption, integration, scale-up, and sustainability of effective interventions. Existing data suggest that significant acute and chronic disease inequities exist for NA populations. Concurrently, NA populations experience unique sociopolitical, historical, and environmental stressors and risks that may exacerbate health conditions and/or impact the effectiveness of existing solutions to address the conditions. They also possess unique strengths and resiliencies that can mitigate stressors or inform intervention strategies. Through this initiative, intervention and related research is sought to build upon community knowledge, resources, and resilience to test science-based, culturally appropriate solutions to reduce morbidity and mortality through identification and remediation of precursors to diseases and disorders and through culturally informed treatment. Interventions should be designed with a consideration for sustainability within the communities where they are tested, and have the flexibility to be readily adapted, disseminated, and scaled up to other communities where culturally appropriate. For the purposes of this FOA, Native Americans include the following populations: Alaska Natives, American Indians (whose ancestral lands fall at least partially within the U.S. ma

The purpose of the NIH Pathway to Independence Award (K99/R00) program is to increase and maintain a strong cohort of new and talented, NIH-supported, independent investigators. This program is designed to facilitate a timely transition of outstanding postdoctoral researchers with a research and/or clinical doctorate degree from mentored, postdoctoral research positions to independent, tenure-track or equivalent faculty positions. The program will provide independent NIH research support during this transition in order to help awardees to launch competitive, independent research careers.

This funding opportunity supports new entrepreneurs in small businesses by providing resources for their career development and research efforts, helping them grow their skills in technology and healthcare innovation.

This grant provides funding for collaborative research resources and services to support multiple independent vision researchers, enhancing their ability to conduct high-quality studies on the visual system and its disorders.

This funding opportunity provides financial support to academic and research institutions for establishing interdisciplinary centers that advance research on the impact of environmental factors on human health and promote community engagement in public health initiatives.

The purpose of this notice of funding opportunity (NOFO) is to solicit applications to participate in the Immunobiology of Xenotransplantation Cooperative Research Program (IXCRP), a multi-center program dedicated to resolving immunologic and physiologic barriers to safe and efficacious xenotransplantation using preclinical pig to nonhuman primate (NHP) or human decedent models of pancreatic islet, kidney, heart, lung, or liver xenotransplantation. Transplantation is often the preferred or only therapy for end-stage organ disease. In 2023, 46,630 organ transplants were performed in the United States. In addition, transplantation of pancreatic islets offers a potential therapy for individuals with type 1 diabetes whose disease is not effectively managed with exogenous insulin. Unfortunately, with over 103,500 adults and children on the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) waiting list, those in need of a transplant greatly exceed the number of available organs. It is estimated that 20 people on average die each day waiting for a transplant. Xenotransplantation offers a potential interim or definitive solution to the severe shortage of human organs and pancreatic islets. Pigs are the primary species of interest as xenograft donors due to their favorable reproductive capacity, and anatomical and physiological similarities to humans. However, there are multiple barriers to successful clinical xenotransplantation, including immunologic rejection of non-human organs and tissues by the human immune system, physiological differences between non-human and human molecules that prevent proper functioning of various biochemical pathways, and potential transmission of zoonoses. To address these challenges, the IXCRP was established by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) in 2005 with a co-fund for type 1 diabetes from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) (RFA-AI-04-042). Subsequently, in 2010, the program was renewed solely by NIAID (RFA-AI-09-035), in 2015 (RFA-AI-14-047 and RFA-AI-14-048), and in 2020 (RFA-AI-19-042 and RFA-AI-19-043). IXCRP investigators and other researchers in the field have made significant advances over the past two decades, and NIAID is committed to support this challenging area of research. Historically, the most significant hurdle to successful xenotransplantation was hyperacute rejection caused by preformed, xenoreactive naturally-occurring antibodies (XNA) that destroy the xenograft within hours post-transplant. The primary target of XNA is a carbohydrate epitope, galactose-alpha-(1,3)-galactose (Gal), which is not present in humans and Old World NHPs. To overcome this hurdle, two decades ago, the enzyme responsible for terminally linking Gal onto oligosaccharide chains, alpha-1,3 glycosyltransferase (GT), was knocked out in genetically modified pigs. Xenografts from GT knockout (GTKO) pigs elicit substantially less severe hyperacute rejection in NHPs. Cytidine monophosphate-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) gene knockouts and mutations to beta-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase 2 (B4GALNT2) were similarly engineered to reduce reactivity to other notable XNA to pig carbohydrate antigens, namely N-glycolylneuraminic acid-modified glycans and SDa swine blood group antigen, respectively. Over the last decade, application of CRISPR-Cas 9 technology combined with somatic cell nuclear transfer cloning has significantly accelerated the pace of multi-gene modification and donor pig production. Additional genetic modifications, most on the GTKO background, were developed to address key species-to-species incompatibilities and create more human-like organs. These include the insertion of human complement regulatory proteins to minimize the deleterious effects of the complement cascade in antibody-mediated rejection, human thrombomodulin and/or tissue factor pathway inhibitor to overcome coagulation pathway dysfunction, and human anti-inflammatory and/or immune suppressive genes to reduce immune activation contributing to graft rejection. These strategies have dramatically reduced the frequency and severity of hyperacute rejection and have prolonged survival in pig-to-NHP xenotransplantation models for up to 4 years. Success in prolonging xenograft survival in the pig-to-NHP model allows more in-depth investigation of the remaining immunologic and physiologic issues that must be addressed in order to achieve safe and efficacious clinical xenotransplantation. These include physiologic differences that influence xenograft function and long-term survival, and risks associated with zoonoses. Transmission of pathogenic zoonoses to a human recipient and, potentially, the general population is a concern. To reduce this risk, animals used for xenotransplantation are bred in specific-pathogen-free conditions, weaned early or caesarian-derived, and routinely screened to eliminate most, if not all, known zoonotic agents. Porcine Cytomegalovirus (PCMV) is a swine pathogen known to have deleterious effects on xenograft survival. In the first human patient to receive a cardiac xenotransplant, conventional testing failed to detect latent PCMV in the donor pig and the virus reactivated post-transplant. The extent to which PCMV reactivation contributed to the patient’s death is unknown; however, this event underscores the need for sensitive and reliable assays to detect both latent and active infection with PCMV. Porcine endogenous retroviruses (PERV), another potential zoonotic threat, were successfully inactivated in a line of pigs through a combination of CRISPR-Cas9 gene-editing and somatic cell nuclear transfer, further highlighting the potential of these technologies to both protect against immunologic attack and reduce the risk of zoonoses. The field of xenotransplantation has recently witnessed an expansion in research models beyond NHP recipients to include an evaluation of safety, feasibility, and short-term outcomes (2 – 60 days) in humans declared to have irreversible loss of brain function (individuals with brain death, also referred to as human decedents) maintained on cardiopulmonary support. These experiments, using varying genetically modified pig hearts and kidneys transplanted into human decedents whose organs were declined for allotransplantation based on organ quality, have demonstrated early hemodynamic stability, an absence of hyperacute rejection, and basic organ functionality under immunosuppression. No chimerism or transmission of porcine retroviruses were detected; however, many of these experiments have demonstrated thrombotic microangiopathy and/or antibody-mediated injury. As of the time of this writing, medical teams that include IXCRP-funded investigators have performed two pig-to-human orthotopic heart transplants under expanded access (compassionate use) authorization from the FDA. The two xenograft recipients expired at 8 and 6 weeks, respectively. These initial clinical xenotransplants demonstrated good early xenograft function but also highlighted fundamental gaps in our knowledge of 1) critical pathways leading to inflammation and graft failure, 2) best practices for zoonotic viral surveillance and treatment, 3) optimal design of the donor pig, and 4) postoperative immunosuppression regimen. These knowledge gaps must be addressed prior to broader clinical translation. Scope and Research Objectives The re-issue of the IXCRP will support research projects centered around preclinical NHP and/or human decedent models of porcine pancreatic islet, kidney, heart, lung, or liver xenotransplantation. The research objectives must address one or more of the remaining key immunologic and physiologic barriers to achieving safe and efficacious xenotransplantation, including issues affecting engraftment, survival, and function of xenografts. Research foci may include 1) development or optimization of the models themselves, including genetic modifications of the pig-donor to address FDA concerns, as well as refinement of surgical xenotransplantation techniques, 2) development or optimization of the immunosuppression (IS) regimen to prevent rejection and minimize toxicity, 3) characterization and resolution of physiological and immunological barriers to long-term xenograft survival, and 4) development or optimization of strategies to screen for and prevent pathogen transmission to recipients. Examples of research topics may include, but are not limited to the following: Elucidation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of and development of strategies to prevent hyperacute, acute, and chronic xenograft rejection; Characterization of the recipient’s innate and adaptive immune responses to the xenograft; Evaluation of regimens to induce and maintain immune tolerance to xenografts and/or delineation of cellular and molecular mechanisms promoting xenograft tolerance; Development and characterization of strategies to prolong xenograft survival in life-supporting xenotransplantation models; Development of approaches to eliminate or minimize the use of immunosuppressive drugs through genetic modifications of donor organs/tissues/cells, utilization of encapsulation techniques, or other tolerogenic approaches; Characterization of and application of approaches to address differences in the anatomical, physiological, and/or endocrinological features of donor pig organs, tissues, or cells that limit a xenograft’s survival and function in NHP or human decedent recipients; Delineation and study of cross-match differences between pigs and NHPs or humans; Development and testing of tools/approaches to diagnose, monitor, and treat porcine zoonoses in human decedent models; Development and testing of tools/approaches to diagnose, monitor, and treat xenograft rejection; and Development and testing of tools/approaches to diagnose, monitor, and treat causes of xenograft dysfunction other than immunologic rejection. Applications proposing any of the following will be considered non-responsive and will not be reviewed: Pig-to-NHP xenotransplantation studies of any organs, tissues, or cells other than pancreatic islets, kidney, heart, lung, or liver. Small animal models of xenotransplantation, such as rodent models, unless the model is proposed only as an in vivo bioassay of large animal immune function (e.g., trans in vivo delayed type hypersensitivity assay); Clinical trials or clinical/human studies of xenotransplantation; (only preclinical human decedent model research is allowed). Studies of zoonotic agents or infections, except for those studies designed to prevent transmission of, or improve diagnosis, monitoring, or treatment of zoonotic infections in xenograft recipients. Studies focused on HIV/AIDS-related research. Applications that do not include annual milestones. Applications that propose studies in human decedents but do not include a Human Decedent Research Plan. Milestones The research plan must include explicit, detailed, and quantitative annual milestones. These milestones will be used by NIAID program staff to assess annual progress and support funding decisions. Steering Committee Program Directors/Principal Investigators (PD(s)/PI(s)) of awards funded under this program will form a Steering Committee after award. The Steering Committee will serve as the main governing body of the IXCRP. At annual meetings, the Steering Committee will review progress of xenotransplantation projects, provide guidance and recommendations to investigators regarding study implementation and conduct, identify scientific opportunities, emerging needs, and impediments to success, and encourage collaborations among consortium members. The voting members of the Steering Committee will include the PD/PI (contact PI) from each single project U01 award and the PD/PI (contact PI) plus one project leader from each multi-project U19 award. Additional PDs/PIs, Project Leaders, Core Leaders, and the NIH Project Scientist will serve as non-voting Steering Committee members. All IXCRP investigators will be required to accept and implement common guidelines and procedures approved by the Steering Committee. Applicants are encouraged to consider using the following NIAID-supported programs: The Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort) The Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort) program will provide support for public sharing of research data and experimental protocols of the IXCRP. ImmPort is a NIAID-funded data sharing platform, which has developed templates for data collection, standardization, and sharing from various NIAID-supported research programs. The IXCRP recipients are encouraged to participate with ImmPort in developing data standards for IXCRP-specific data types, where applicable, and be responsible for collecting and submitting data and documents into ImmPort. The IXCRP Steering Committee will provide information, consistent with the goals of the program and NIH policy, regarding research data and experimental protocol sharing within the IXCRP and with the public. The National Swine Resource and Research Center (NSRRC) The Office of Research Infrastructure Programs within the Division of Program Coordination, Planning, and Strategic Initiatives in the Office of the NIH Director supports the National Swine Resource and Research Center (NSRRC), which is co-sponsored by NIAID and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI). The NSRRC was established in 2003 to develop the infrastructure needed to ensure that biomedical investigators across a variety of disciplines have access to critically needed swine models of human health and disease. The purpose of the NSRRC is to provide the biomedical research community enhanced access to critically needed swine models and to develop genetically modified swine when required for studies involving human health and diseases, including xenotransplantation. NIAID encourages IXCRP-funded investigators to submit relevant cell lines and animal models developed under this NOFO to the NSRRC, when applicable. This U01 NOFO is appropriate for applicants that are proposing a single research project while the companion U19 NOFO (RFA-AI-24-020) should be used for investigators proposing a more complex research program involving 2 or more research projects supported by cores. Applicants are strongly encouraged to discuss the proposed research with NIAID staff listed in the Scientific/Research contact well in advance of the application submission deadline. See Section VIII. Other Information for award authorities and regulations.