Grants for Public and State controlled institutions of higher education - Law Justice and Legal Services
Explore 273 grant opportunities
Application Deadline
Oct 15, 2024
Date Added
Aug 19, 2024
The "Criminal Justice Coordinating Council Chair and Director Training Curriculum Development and Pilot" grant aims to create a comprehensive 30-hour training program for council chairs and executive directors, using a blend of virtual and in-person instruction, based on the ITIP model and ADDIE principles.
Application Deadline
Oct 15, 2024
Date Added
Aug 19, 2024
The "Enhancing Criminal Justice Coordinating Councils Through Specialized Technical Assistance and Coaching" grant aims to support local criminal justice councils in implementing best practices for managing jail populations and reentry programs, using data-driven insights to improve operational efficiency and outcomes in the justice system.
Application Deadline
Aug 29, 2024
Date Added
Aug 9, 2024
The United States Attorney for the Western District of Virginia, in partnership with the Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services (DCJS), is pleased to announce the availability of federal funds through the Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) Project Safe Neighborhoods (PSN) Grant Program. Donor Name: Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services State: Virginia County: Albemarle County (VA) Type of Grant: Grant Deadline: (mm/dd/yyyy) 08/29/2024 Size of the Grant: $100,000 to $500,000 Grant Duration: 1 Year Details: This program awards federal funds to provide comprehensive, collaborative, and community-based approaches to reducing violent crime using a full range of appropriate violent crime reduction strategies. The BJA PSN Grant Program funds allow organizations within the Western District of Virginia to support a broad range of activities to reduce gun and gang violence. Programs should address deterrence efforts aimed at potential offenders, the implementation of evidence-based programs and proven enforcement strategies to prevent and reduce gun and gang crimes, and/or the prosecution of significant firearm, controlled substance, and violent crime offenses. Funding Areas Applicants are expected to use funds to support one or more of the following four PSN design features: Community Engagement Meaningful engagement between and among communities, law enforcement, prosecutors, and other stakeholders is an essential component of an effective violence reduction strategy. Absent community trust, support, and legitimacy, violence reduction strategies are likely to have only short-term, limited, or no effect and may create divisions between law enforcement agencies and prosecutors and the communities they serve. Ongoing engagement involves open communication and builds relationships, trust, and shared public safety values between community members and law enforcement. Prevention and Intervention Effective PSN teams engage in problem-solving approaches that address violent crime using all the tools at their disposal. This includes using strategies to address risk and protective factors. This often involve building relationships with representatives of agencies and organizations most suited to provide education, social services, job training and placement, reentry programs, or similar resources to those in need. Prevention and intervention activities can provide individuals and families with skills, opportunities, and alternatives that can ultimately help to reduce violent crime in communities. Focused and Strategic Enforcement To address violent crime, PSN initiatives often focus strategic enforcement on a limited number of problem places and individuals driving violent crime. Violent crime is often driven by a small number of prolific offenders; they are often involved in gangs, neighborhood crews, and violent street groups and are typically concentrated in hotspots and small “micro-places” (e.g., a street segment with abandoned homes; a problem bar, gas station, or convenience store; or an open-air drug market). In some jurisdictions, intimate partner violence is the main violent crime concern. Critical elements of strategic enforcement include understanding the most significant drivers of violence and resources, leveraging technology and analytics, developing, and implementing enforcement strategies, and deterring others from engaging in violence. This may be accomplished through public awareness about enforcement actions and available assistance. Accountability PSN represents a major investment of funding, technical assistance resources, human capital, and other resources at the national, state, and local levels. The goal of PSN is to reduce the level of violence in communities. Analyzing and assessing information about the incidence of violence and the effectiveness of strategies to address it are important for PSN’s success and credibility. A research partner is an especially valuable partner who can assist with measuring the impact of PSN strategies on violent crime and community health. Funding Information The amount of funding available for this solicitation of the Project Safe Neighborhoods Grant Program is approximately $302,000. Grant Period Grants will be awarded for a twelve (12) month period, once the grant program is approved by BJA; however, a 24-month period may be considered depending on the need specified in the application. Eligibility Criteria This grant announcement is open to local and state law enforcement agencies, local and state governmental entities, educational institutions, and 501(c)(3) non-profit organizations located in, or serving, the cities of Roanoke, Lynchburg, Danville and Charlottesville (including Albemarle County). Applications from multi-jurisdictional partnerships will be considered, provided that one locality or organization serves as the primary applicant. Each locality or organization must certify its consent to participate via a letter of support, which should be included in the grant application. Entities may only submit one application in response to this solicitation. For more information, visit VDCJS.
Application Deadline
Sep 1, 2024
Date Added
Aug 9, 2024
The Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services (DCJS) is pleased to announce the availability of grant funds to assist organizations in combatting hate crimes. Donor Name: Virginia Department of Criminal Justice Services State: Virginia County: All Counties Type of Grant: Grant Deadline: (mm/dd/yyyy) 09/01/2024 Size of the Grant: $100,000 to $500,000 Grant Duration: 1 Year Details: DCJS is soliciting applications to make competitive grants to local governments which have established partnerships with eligible non-profit, 501(c)3 institutions, and organizations that have been targets, or are at risk of being targets, of hate crimes. The goal of this program is to minimize bias-motivated incidents by providing funding that supports institutions and/or nonprofit organizations within a locality that may be at risk for targeted, bias-motivated violence based on race, religious conviction, color, gender, disability, gender identity, sexual orientation, or national origin. Funding Information The amount of funding available for the Combatting Hate Crimes Grant Program is determined by the state budget bill. On May 13, 2024, Governor Youngkin signed the 2025–2026 biennium budget bill that included $3,500,000 for the FY2025 fiscal year to fund the Combatting Hate Crimes Grant Program. The maximum amount that may be requested is $150,000 per locality. Localities are expected to collaborate with eligible non-profit, 501(c)3 institutions, and other similarly situated organizations within their jurisdiction that have been targets, or are at risk of being targets, of hate crimes. Organizations that have conducted a threat assessment with their local crime prevention officer within their locality to identify and address their most critical vulnerabilities are most likely to be funded. Grant Period Applicants for this competitive solicitation may be awarded grants for a twelve (12) month period, from January 1, 2025 – December 31, 2025. Uses of funds The funds can be used for projects, including but not limited to: Equipment: Target hardening activities. Critical technology and infrastructure. Security and monitoring equipment. Contractual security services: On-site security services. Cybersecurity activities. Inspection and screening systems. Training: Security-related training for employed and volunteer security staff. Training related to response to serious incidents (not already available) Terrorism awareness training for employees. Personnel: Part-time staff to perform security assessment for non-profit organizations and institutions to determine risk. Eligibility Criteria This grant announcement is open to local governments within the Commonwealth that have established partnerships with non-profit organizations or institutions within their jurisdiction. All applications must be submitted by the local government. One application per locality may be submitted but the application may include multiple partnerships with separate nonprofits, organizations, or institutions. Restrictions Grant funds cannot be used to supplant state or local funds that would otherwise be available for the same purposes. Reimbursement will be based on paid invoices for approved expenditures or through requested advance drawdowns with expected expenditures. Changes to the grant budget after award must be approved by DCJS prior to expending funds based on the changes. Transactions occurring outside of the grant period will not be eligible for reimbursement. For more information, visit VDCJS.
Application Deadline
Aug 15, 2024
Date Added
Aug 9, 2024
Humanities Project Grants offer support for public humanities projects that encourage contemplation, spark conversation and engage the community. Donor Name: State Historical Society of Iowa State: Iowa County: All Counties Type of Grant: Grant Deadline: (mm/dd/yyyy) 08/15/2024 Size of the Grant: $10,000 to $100,000 Grant Duration: 1 Year Details: Eligible projects will use the humanities as the central resource to involve and benefit diverse groups of Iowans through educational programming that explore the human experience. Funding for the Humanities Project Grant is made possible by an appropriation from the National Endowment for the Humanities, a federal agency, to the Iowa Department of Administrative Services. The program is administered by the State Historical Society of Iowa on behalf of the department. Funding Information Applicants may request funding for eligible one-time project expenses that are incurred and expended within the eligible funding period. Minimum Grant Request: $2,500 Maximum Grant Request: $30,000 Funding Period All project activities and incurred expenses must occur within the eligible funding period of November 1, 2024–October 31, 2025. Eligible Projects Eligible projects should focus on the humanities and must demonstrate public value to Iowans through deliberate public engagement and access to project activities. Types of eligible projects could include community discussions, lecture series, workshops, films, interpretive exhibits, podcasts, etc. Projects that involve the creative or performing arts could be eligible as long as they are a catalyst in a project in which humanities are central, and include interpretation and/or discussion of performances, concerts, literary and art works. Humanities must be central to the project. Subject areas include archaeology, comparative religion, cultural anthropology, ethics, folklore, gender studies, history, jurisprudence, languages, law, linguistics, literature (including novels, poetry, drama, and other forms of written expression, both modern and classical), philosophy, and the interpretation (not the creation) of the arts. Aspects of the social sciences, such as political science and sociology, that can help to explore the humanity and discover meaning in the lives and community are also included. Eligibility Criteria Eligible applicants must be one of the following types of entities. Entities who do not meet these requirements are not eligible to apply. Organizations Federally tax exempt 501(c)3 nonprofit organization incorporated and physically located in Iowa Physical location of the organization is defined as maintaining a current home office and registered agent address in Iowa defined by Iowa Code 490.501 as well as maintaining a primary staff presence physically located and working in Iowa Federally tax exempt 501(c)3 nonprofit organization physically located in a border state community immediately adjacent to Iowa. The organization must be registered to do business in Iowa with the Secretary of State’s office. An eligible border state organization must demonstrate that the funding request significantly impacts the cultural vitality of Iowa and predominantly serves Iowans. Unit of local, county or federally-recognized tribal government physically located in Iowa Units within institutions of higher education that are physically located in Iowa that have the humanities as their core mission and offer public programs are eligible. However, institutions of higher education are limited to one application, from one unit, and may neither apply for nor receive grant funds for multiple units. Individuals Individual filmmaker or humanities expert A humanities expert is defined as someone with an advanced degree in a humanities discipline or someone who is otherwise well-qualified to bring a humanities perspective, such as a historian, library or museum professional, culture bearer, or individual who is an acknowledged cultural expert within their community. Current, legal Iowa resident who is 21 years of age or older and physically located in Iowa Residence is defined by Iowa Code 422.4 and Iowa Administrative Code 701.38.17 (422) An application from an individual must support a project that is initiated and managed by the individual, not an organization. The project must be designed to benefit the individual and may not benefit an organization with which the individual applicant has a formal affiliation such as employment or volunteer service. Applicants who represent a group must apply as an individual and clearly state their individual role in the project proposal For more information, visit State Historical Society of Iowa.
Application Deadline
Aug 31, 2024
Date Added
Aug 8, 2024
The Lowe’s Foundation offers Gable Grants to support community and technical colleges and community-based nonprofit organizations to help prepare 50,000 people for skilled trades careers. Donor Name: Lowe’s Foundation State: All States County: All Counties Type of Grant: Grant Deadline: (mm/dd/yyyy) 08/31/2024 Size of the Grant: $500,000 to $1 million Grant Duration: 2 Years Details: The Lowe’s Foundation is developing a community of skilled tradespeople to build and revitalize the homes, communities and infrastructure for the future. This national grant program is a $50 million commitment over five years. Gable Grants will fund programs focused on supporting workforce development in appliance repair, carpentry/construction, electrical, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) and/or plumbing. The grant application process is highly competitive and will prioritize an organization’s demonstrated ability to deliver skilled trades training. Funding Information Grant awards are needs-based and range between $100,000 and $1,000,000. Grant Period The grant period is 24 months. Eligibility Criteria Organizations applying for Lowe’s Foundation Gable Grants must meet the following criteria: Currently offer sustainable, scalable skilled trades education programs for postsecondary aged adults with an emphasis on appliance repair, carpentry/construction, electrical, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) and/or plumbing. As part of their educational and/or support programs, recruit, train and prepare participants including, but not limited to, the following: Women; People of color; Individuals living in rural areas; or Individuals who are justice-involved and/or participating in second chance programs. Organizations applying for Gable Grants must qualify as a community-based nonprofit organization in the United States as follows: Community-Based Nonprofit Organizations: A nonprofit organization with tax-exempt status under section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code. For the purposes of the Gable Grants program, community-based organizations operate in a state, regional or local capacity. For more information, visit Lowe’s Foundation.
Application Deadline
Sep 13, 2024
Date Added
Aug 8, 2024
The Regional Opportunity Initiatives (ROI) will offers a second round of grant funding to implement strategies supported by the digital inclusion plan, build upon recent activity, and that improve digital equity and inclusion across the Indiana Uplands. Donor Name: Regional Opportunity Initiatives State: Indiana County: Selected Counties Type of Grant: Grant Deadline: 09/13/2024 Size of the Grant: $10,000 to $100,000 Grant Duration: Grant Duration Not Mentioned Details: The Digital Towns Grant program will provide Uplands communities and organizations with resources needed to develop and implement projects and programs to ensure Uplands citizens can participate fully in a digital society. Digital inclusion is not limited to broadband expansion. Successful digital inclusion ensures everyone has access to affordable internet connectivity that meets the needs of households, local governments, and businesses. It also is a vehicle for ensuring that individuals and organizations have reliable and appropriate devices and sufficient digital skills/ literacy to fully participate and prosper in the digital age. Examples of the type of strategies a community might adopt to advance digital literacy include but are not limited to: Establishing and/or expanding community-based or governmental social media and website presence, Assisting local businesses with technical resources and/or training to expand their e-commerce opportunities, libraries administering device loan programs, or access to digital resources and training. digital skill-building classes. Program Goals The goal of this initiative is to financially support projects or programs that align with the strategies outlined in the Indiana Uplands Digital Inclusion Plan and as outlined below: The main objective of the Digital Towns Grant Program is the advancement of a more digitally inclusive region by adopting and integrating digital information and communication in all aspects of the communities. For the purpose of this grant program, ROI will focus on the following themes: Digital Citizens – helping households connect to the internet, access devices and grow competence in usage of digital technologies to engage in internet services, e-commerce, educational opportunities, digital public services, and healthcare services Digital Public Services – supporting collaborations between local units of government, nonprofits, and/or health care services to provide access to online information and/or services, and telehealth access points Digital Business – partnering with businesses and entrepreneurs to maximize opportunities in the digital economy Grants are intended to increase the digital capabilities of the region by providing funding for relevant professional services, training, digital products, equipment/hardware, or other products and services that advance digital inclusion and prosperity. Funding Information Applicants can apply for a grant in any amount between $5,000 – $50,000. Projects with a regional scope, serving all 11 counties of the Uplands, can apply for up to $75,000. Geographic Areas The Indiana Uplands region is an 11-county area that encompasses Brown, Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Greene, Lawrence, Martin, Monroe, Orange, Owen and Washington counties. Eligibility Criteria Incorporated cities and towns County commissions and councils Libraries Nonprofits, including foundations, agencies, and hospitals Public education institutions, including pre-K, K-12, and post-secondary Faith-based organizations Main Street organizations Chambers of commerce and economic development organizations that have an affiliated 501(c)3 Organizations/programs that help business/entrepreneurs. For more information, visit ROI.
Application Deadline
Aug 21, 2024
Date Added
Aug 2, 2024
The Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) is now accepting proposals from Delaware county and municipal governments, conservation districts and estuary programs for matching grants for surface water project planning. Donor Name: Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC) State: Delaware County: All Counties Type of Grant: Grant | Matching Grants Deadline: (mm/dd/yyyy) 08/21/2024 Size of the Grant: $10,000 to $100,000 Grant Duration: 2 Years Details: The Delaware Water Infrastructure Advisory Council (WIAC) developed the Surface Water Matching Planning Grant program to assist Delaware counties and municipalities improve water quality on the developed landscape in Delaware’s impaired watersheds. The grants support planning, preliminary engineering, and feasibility analysis of surface water improvement projects and activities that focus on the developed landscape to improve water quality in impaired watersheds in Delaware. They can be used for a variety of projects, such as: Retrofitting stormwater systems Establishing green technology practices Restoring streams and wetlands Small watershed studies Developing master surface water and drainage plans The program is designed to assist counties and municipalities to prepare surface water projects for funding through Delaware Water Pollution Control Revolving Loan Fund (WPCRLF). The available funding can be used to assist with surface water planning in general, and for specific project planning and designs necessary to submit a loan application to the WPCRLF for funding consideration. Program Goals Grant applicants should focus their proposals on one or more of the following program goals: Providing benefits to water quality within an impaired watershed Planning and/or preliminary design for projects associated with a watershed management plan Planning and/or preliminary design for community stormwater management improvements in existing developments and municipalities Restoration or retrofit projects to provide water quality benefits Funding Information Funding for projects receiving a grant award in any grant cycle will be capped at $50,000 with a 1:1 cash match requirement. Project Period The project shall not exceed 2 years. Eligibility Criteria Applicants may be any Delaware county or municipal government, conservation district, or Delaware estuary program. Applicants must have the matching funds available at the time of application. Non-profit organizations, educational institutions, community organizations, and/or homeowner’s associations within the State of Delaware that do not have taxing authority are ineligible to apply directly but may partner with an eligible applicant. Agricultural operations, non-profit organizations, and private for-profit firms are not eligible for these funds. Interested parties may enter into working arrangement with eligible applicant. For more information, visit DNREC.
Application Deadline
Not specified
Date Added
Jul 26, 2024
This grant provides funding to state and local governments, non-profits, educational institutions, and local courts in Maryland to improve safety, permanency, and well-being for children in the foster care system.
Application Deadline
Aug 22, 2024
Date Added
Jul 24, 2024
The project seeks to strengthen the capacity of civil society organizations in Peru to identify, analyze, expose, and fight against corruption and impunity. By developing civil societys capacity to hold government institutions accountable, INL seeks to create solid foundations for a comprehensive effort to identify and expose corrupt acts and impunity.
Application Deadline
Aug 22, 2024
Date Added
Jul 24, 2024
The project seeks to strengthen the capacity of civil society organizations in Peru to identify, analyze, expose, and fight against corruption and impunity. By developing civil societys capacity to hold government institutions accountable, INL seeks to create solid foundations for a comprehensive effort to identify and expose corrupt acts and impunity.
Application Deadline
Nov 1, 2024
Date Added
Jul 22, 2024
This grant provides funding to nonprofit organizations in West Alabama to address critical community needs in areas such as arts, education, health, and social welfare through innovative and collaborative projects.
Application Deadline
Aug 5, 2024
Date Added
Jul 19, 2024
With this solicitation, OJJDP seeks to fund the Center for Youth Justice Transformation (CYJT) to strengthen state- and territory-level compliance with the Formula Grants Program; develop and implement training and technical assistance that supports state, territorial, Tribal, and community-level juvenile justice system reform efforts; and design and implement an online education platform for best practices in juvenile justice reform.
Application Deadline
Aug 1, 2024
Date Added
Jul 18, 2024
The William Penn Foundation is seeking applications for its Climate, Environmental Justice, and Infrastructure Grants to support efforts to access available federal funding for climate, environmental justice, and infrastructure for the Philadelphia region (Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadelphia counties). Donor Name: William Penn Foundation State: Pennsylvania County: Bucks County (PA), Chester County (PA), Delaware County (PA), Montgomery County (PA), Philadelphia County (PA) Type of Grant: Grant Deadline: (mm/dd/yyyy) 08/01/2024 Size of the Grant: Not Available Grant Duration: 2 Years Details: The Foundation is focusing solely on efforts to access federal funding for climate, environmental justice, and infrastructure. With that understanding, there are few limitations on the project designs or applicants’ approach to securing such funding. For example, proposals may focus on project development, engaging technical or legal assistance, communications, or other ways to advance the objective. Proposals may seek to make change on a regionwide or more localized scale. Funding Information WPF has allocated up to $3.5 million to award to organizations that respond to this RFP. There is no minimum that organizations may request. The maximum that organizations can receive from WPF through this RFP is $1,000,000. Funding Information 2 years. Eligibility Criteria Applicants must be recognized by the Internal Revenue Service as 501(c)3 public charities or operate under a public charity fiduciary. Public charities include community-based organizations, schools and educational institutions, and other types of public-serving groups. Government entities are also eligible to apply. For-profit entities are not eligible to apply for funding. Applicants do not need to be physically located in the Philadelphia region (Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadelphia counties) but the work proposed must aim to access federal funding for the Philadelphia region. Organizations with a current WPF grant that is funding work related to this RFP are not eligible to apply for more funding for the same project(s). For more information, visit WPF.
Application Deadline
Aug 12, 2024
Date Added
Jul 18, 2024
The Greater Washington Community Foundation is excited to aanounce the 2025 Sharing Prince George Grants. Donor Name: Greater Washington Community Foundation State: Maryland County: Prince Georges County (MD) Type of Grant: Grant Deadline: 08/01/2024 Size of the Grant: $10,000 to $100,000 Grant Duration: Grant Duration Not Mentioned Details: The Sharing Prince George’s Fund of the Greater Washington Community Foundation has supported high-impact nonprofits serving Prince George’s County’s most vulnerable residents. They are proud of the ways these organizations have responded to the community’s needs and worked in partnership toward the shared vision for a more equitable, just, and thriving Prince George’s County. As part of The Community Foundation’s 10-year strategic plan, the Sharing Prince George’s Fund is focused on addressing urgent community needs, advancing economic justice, and, ultimately, working to close the racial/ethnic wealth gap which undermines the health and stability of the entire community. Therefore, Sharing Prince George’s grant-making priorities for this year include: Economic mobility resources that enable people to chart a pathway out of poverty (e.g., access to higher education, training, entrepreneurship, financial literacy, etc.). Individual and Community Wealth Building opportunities which empower people with the financial and social capital needed to build wealth so they can weather crises and pursue their dreams. Basic needs for the low-income neighbors (e.g., access to resources for health and mental health, food security, affordable housing, childcare and education, and interventions which help families transition from crisis to recovery). Funding Information For the FY25 cycle, Sharing Prince George’s will make up to ten (10) one-time grant awards of up to $50,000. Eligibility Criteria Sharing Prince George’s grants will provide flexible general operating support for work serving Prince George’s County residents. Nonprofits may apply those resources wherever the need is greatest to advance their missions. (Note: Grants to regional organizations will be earmarked to support efforts in the county.) For more information, visit Greater Washington Community Foundation.
Application Deadline
Jul 24, 2024
Date Added
Jul 15, 2024
The U.S. Department of State, U.S. Embassy Malabo announces an Open Competition for organizations interested in submitting applications for projects that support greater and more effective protection of human rights and access to justice for the entire Equatoguinean population.All application submissions must be made electronically at Grants.gov and via email address: [email protected].
Application Deadline
Aug 23, 2024
Date Added
Jul 9, 2024
The Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs of the U.S. Department of State announces an open competition for organizations to submit applications to carry out a project to further the ability of both governmental and non-governmental actors to identify, investigate, and compare declared and undeclared assets held by politically exposed persons (PEPs), their relatives and affiliates.
Application Deadline
Aug 1, 2024
Date Added
Jul 2, 2024
With this solicitation, OJJDP seeks to select organization(s) to carry out key activities designed to ensure abused and neglected children involved in dependency court proceedings have access to a court appointed special advocate.
Application Deadline
Aug 12, 2024
Date Added
Jun 28, 2024
With this solicitation, OJJDP seeks to support a National Community and Schools Youth Drug Prevention Program for the purpose of delivering substance use prevention programs in schools in partnership with local law enforcement and community coalitions. The successful national organization will provide funding and training and technical assistance (TTA) to local non-profits who will be required to build community coalitions in partnership with law enforcement to educate youth in schools and in extracurricular programming on drug prevention. Community coalitions consist of community leaders that organize to meet the local prevention needs of the youth and families in their communities. Partnerships among non-profit organizations, community coalitions and law enforcement ensure that communities implement comprehensive approaches to prevent youth substance use.
Application Deadline
Jul 24, 2024
Date Added
Jun 28, 2024
Through this Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO), GCJ seeks applications to support accountability processes for alleged atrocity crimes committed globally by members of the Wagner Group and analogous Kremlin-backed paramilitaries, including tracking enablers of these entities, which include corporate actors and financial services firms. Accountability processes can include investigations being pursued by national authorities, including by Ukraines Office of the Prosecutor General (OPG), or other domestic authorities, including where national systems may exercise extraterritorial jurisdiction; cases before international and hybrid courts; efforts to achieve corporate accountability through corporate governance, civil, or administrative proceedings; and proceedings before human rights mechanisms.